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During the fabrication process, an oxide layer is deposited over the graphene to form the gate insulator. Until now, the downside of graphene has been that it is very sensitive to the environment. Graphene is produced by heating a silicon carbide wafer, This prototype processor was created on a 2-inch wafer, though in principle it could be done on even larger wafers, which should bring the production costs down, Lin said. Or high-frequency electronic components," Lin said. "That makes graphene a promising material for high-speed Graphene, a single-atom-thick honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms, can transport electrons more quickly than other semiconductors, a quality called electron mobility. A write-up of the results has been published in the Feb. Defense Department's DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency), under a program to develop high-performance IBM conducted the work on behalf of the U.S. If commercialized, such graphene processors could be the basis of superior signal processing componentry, improving the fidelity of audio and video recording, radar processing and medical imaging. With this research, IBM has also shown that graphene-based transistors can be produced by the wafer, which could pave the way for commercial-scale production of graphene chips, said Yu–Ming Lin, the IBM researcher who The speed of previous experimental graphene chips. Thanks to a change in recipe, IBM has created a graphene-based processor that can execute 100 billion cycles per second (100GHz), almost four times